Why is there Blue, Chocolate, Grey, Lemon and Yellow but no Orange and Brown?
 

Text by Simon Chan, Photos by Gan CW
Jan 2008
 
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hat do you make of the title? That is easy. They are all different names of colours, right? Well, that is very obvious, isn’t it? However, that is only part of the picture. Actually they are the first names of a family of butterflies called Pansies otherwise scientifically known as the genus Junonia.
 
 

Blue Pansy -
Junonia orithya

Chocolate Pansy -
Junonia hedonia

Grey Pansy -
Junonia atlites

Peacock Pansy -
Junonia almana

From the above list, only the first three can be found in Singapore. They are the Blue Pansy (Junonia orithya), the Chocolate Pansy (Junonia hedonia) and the Grey Pansy (Junonia atlites). Ummm, but you say I seemed to have left out one and you are indeed correct! What about the overall orange one normally seen around grassy areas bordering forests and nature parks on our island? Shouldn’t that be called Orange Pansy? Nope. On account of the two big eyespots on its upperside hindwings, it was given the name Peacock Pansy (Junonia almana). Somehow, the author (the person who discovered this species, in this case Linnaeus in 1758) noticed that those eyespots look very much like those found on a Peacock. And the rest, as they say, is history.
 


Lemon Pansy -
Junonia lemonias

Yellow Pansy -
Junonia hierta

From the northern parts of Peninsula Malaysia, namely the states of Perlis, Penang and Kedah come two other remarkable and colourful species, the Lemon Pansy (Junonia lemonias) and the Yellow Pansy (Junonia hierta). And as we speak, the former is expanding its range rather quickly and at last count was reported as far south as Kuala Lumpur.
 


Chocolate Soldier -
Junonia iphita

Chocolate Pansy -
Junonia hedonia

Finally, this is the curious one. Having the same genus name as its relatives does not guarantee the same common surname as is the case of the Chocolate Soldier (Junonia iphita). Being an overall dull brown above, it is the least impressive of the lot. Resembling a rather faded Chocolate Pansy, its hindwing eyespots are not as numerous and distinct.

Whereas the Chocolate Pansy is confined to the state of Johor and Singapore, the Chocolate Soldier has a much wider range albeit getting rarer southwards of the state of Selangor.

 

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